These developments make the inspeXio 7000 system applicable for researching, developing, or inspecting a wide variety of samples, from composite materials, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) and continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminate (CFRTP) materials to large aluminum die cast parts.

The Analytical Intelligence logo and CORE Boost are trademarks of Shimadzu Corporation or its affiliated companies in Japan and/or other countries.
VGSTUDIO MAX and VGSTUDIO are trademarks of Volume Graphics GmbH.
POLYGONALmeister is a trademark of UEL Corporation.

System Configuration and Operating Principle

• The inspection target (sample) is placed between the X-ray generator and detector, as shown below. Then, the sample is rotated 360 degrees to collect X-ray fluoroscopic data from various angles in order to calculate cross-sectional images.
• 

• MPR DisplayDisplays any cross section desired
  Multi Planar Reconstruction (MPR) stacks multiple CT images in a virtual space to display four images—a CT image, mutually longitudinal section images, and a user-selected section image orthogonal to one of the longitudinal section images.VR DisplayVolume rendering (VR) stacks multiple CT images in a virtual space to display a 3D image. Separate 3D image processing software is required for VR display.
• 

High-Resolution CT Image

Maximum 14 Megapixel Input Resolution

The large high-resolution flat panel detector achieves an offset scan input resolution of up to 14 megapixel.

Low-Resolution Cross-Sectional Image

High-Resolution Cross-Sectional Image (14 Megapixel Input Resolution)

High-Contrast CT Image

High-Contrast Detector with Wide Dynamic Range

Cesium iodide (CsI), which has excellent sensitivity characteristics in the long wavelength region, is employed as the scintillator material.
The use of carbon (C) for the detector window material enables imaging on low-density materials. Furthermore, the wide dynamic range (16-bits) enables small contrast differences to be displayed.

Improved X-Ray Generator

The Shimadzu-made microfocus X-ray generator unit now includes a newly developed irradiation window. Due to the larger proportion of soft X-rays in the X-ray output, it offers significantly improved contrast when scanning low-density materials that easily transmit X-rays.

Comparison of Transmission Images from Non-Woven Fabric

Previous Cross-Sectional Image

New System Cross-Sectional Image

Easy and Fast CT Scanning

Intuitive User Interface

The new user interface features a simpler arrangement for intuitive operation.

• Main System WindowDisplays the stage position, scan field of view, equivalent voxel length, and other information in real time, making (the yellow box), it easy to scan images with the specified resolution and field-of-view size.
• MPR WindowDisplays slice, oblique, and double-oblique images, enabling the easy observation of cross-sections.

Recommend Scanning Function 

The new recommend scanning function enables scan parameters to be specified easily. Simply select the material, the desired CT image resolution, and the contrast level, and the system automatically optimizes the CT scanning parameter settings accordingly.

HPCinspeXio High-Performance Computing System ver. 3.0

The new HPC inspeXio high-performance computing system is around 50 times faster* than the previous version.

* When the fast acquisition mode is configured and the CT image size is set to 1,024 × 1,024 pixels

Advanced 3D image Reconstruction

It is possible to enlarge only the focused areas in images once acquired and perform the reconstruction calculation. High-magnification cross-sectional images can be obtained even in the works that enlargement ratio is difficult to be improved. Equipped with a high-resolution at panel detector, clear cross-sectional images can be obtained even when performing reconstruction. It is not necessary to perform the CT scanning once again when performing reconstruction only.

Obtain CT Images in Three Easy Steps

No calibration process is necessary before scanning. Scans can be started immediately after sample placement.

• Step1: Place the sampleMaximum sample and CT scan size are 400 mm in diameter and 300 mm in height.
• 

• Step2: Determine the scan positionSamples are positioned using the camera mounted on the rotation axis.
• 

• Step3: Start the scanScans can be started immediately without prior calibration.
  In normal scan (600 view), data acquisition can be done in as short as 33 seconds.
  Due to the high-performance computing system, MPR images are displayed 10 seconds or less after scanning is finished.
• 

3D CT Scan Region Display Function

As the CT stage moves, the corresponding CT scan region is displayed and overlaid in real-time on the MPR display. Based on the previous CT scan image, additional CT scans for areas of interest can be obtained.

Unique Functions

• Extended Filament Lifetime
  The expected lifetime of filament is extended by 2.5 times by automatically adjusting the current value.
• Acquisition Mode Switching Function
  Long or short scan times can be specified by combining acquisition mode and exposure time settings.
• Anti-Pinch Prevention Mechanism
  A finger-pinch prevention mechanism is provided to prevent accidents when closing the sliding door.
• Door Interlock Mechanism
  The sliding door is equipped with redundant interlock circuits. These ensure X-rays are never emitted when the sliding door is open. In addition, these stop the CT stage from moving when the sliding door is open.
• CR Scan
  • Computed radiography (CR) can be used to obtain transmission images without distortion in the CT-Z direction by acquiring data only along the vertical center line of the X-ray detector while moving the CT-Z axis vertically.
  • 
• DICOM Conversion Function
  CT Image data can be converted to the DICOM format, which is the world standard for medical imaging. Consequently, this function is essential for analyzing data with medical image analysis software.
• Collision Sensor
  • The expected lifetime of filament is extended by 2.5 times by automatically adjusting the current value.
  • 

Improvement of S/N Ratio by SID Switching Function

Source to Image Distance (SID) can be switched among three settings. Depending on the size and area of the object to be imaged, the flat panel detector can be positioned closer to the X-ray generator to obtain a stronger signal and thereby reduce data noise.

4680-type lithium-ion rechargeable battery

The XSeeker 8000 bench-top X-ray computed tomography (CT) system is equipped with a high-output X-ray generator and a high-resolution flat panel detector. Despite its compact size, it has a high X-ray output of 160 kV, enabling clear observations of molded plastic parts as well as aluminum die cast parts and other metal parts.
In addition, the newly developed XSeeker control software provides high operability and the highest throughput to date.
With clear image quality and high throughput, it supports applications in a wide range of situations, from detailed observations in product development and quality evaluation to inspections at machining sites.

Compact, High-Output System

Smallest, Lightest Bench-Top CT System in Its Class

It is the smallest and lightest bench-top system in its X-ray output class, so it can be installed anywhere.
Since the system size and weight meet the minimum standards for loading into a general passenger elevator in Japan (as per P-6-C *JIS A 4301-1983), there are no difficulties related to delivering the system.

High 160 kV Output Achieves High Penetration Ability

Thanks to its 160 kV X-ray output, the system can observe thick, hard-to-penetrate plastic and metal parts.
Note: The following are reference values.

X-Ray Transmittance Comparison between 100 kV and 160 kV

Image when Penetrating 100 mm of Aluminum

Image Quality and Functionality on Par with High-End Models

High-Accuracy Scanning Utilizing a Maximum Input Resolution of 5.6 Million Pixels

The offset scan layout extends the width to approximately twice that of conventional normal scans, resulting in an input resolution equivalent to 5.6 million pixels. The system provides high-accuracy scanning across a wide 100 mm diameter field of view size.

Equipped with a 50 μm Pixel Pitch Flat Panel Detector

The system is equipped with a flat panel detector with fine picture elements measuring approximately 50 μm per pixel. This is the smallest pixel pitch of any equivalent class instrument, enabling sharp observations down to the level of fine structures.

Equipped as Standard with a High-Functionality All-In-One Viewer

The system is equipped with a high-functionality viewer with multiple functions. In addition to an MPR display, which shows multiple cross-sectional images side by side, this can be combined with a VR display capable of 3D displays, resulting in more intuitive observations.
Measurement can be performed on both MPR images and VR images. Further, the CT data can be converted to mesh data (STL) for output. Data converted to STL can be utilized in a variety of applications, such as loading into 3D CAD or outputting with a 3D printer.

Operation Optimized for Inspections

3-Step Scanning

A simple 3-step process enables starting observations. Upon installation, new operators can run the system with minimal training.
Calibration is not required prior to sample placement.

Operation at the Push of a Button

In inspection applications with repeated scanning of samples with the same shape, operation at the push of a button enhances throughput.
The optimal conditions, including the position displayed and the contrast during observations, are recorded together with the scanning conditions. This allows observations to begin immediately after scanning without adjusting the observation position or contrast. All operations from starting the scanning to observing the results can be completed at the push of a button, without any software operations.

Scanning in as Little as 12 Seconds and High-Speed Reconstruction Calculations

High-speed scanning can take as little as 12 seconds. In addition, the system is equipped with the same reconstruction system as high-end models, so CT data can be displayed a mere 10 seconds after scanning is complete. This is approximately twice as fast as Shimadzu’s other CT models.

Newly Developed Control Software Enables Intuitive Operations

The simple user interface which eliminates complicated steps, enables intuitive operation so that anyone can easily use the system.
There are dedicated windows for scanning and observation, respectively, and the user is free to switch between them.

• Scanning Window
• Observation Window

Recommend Scanning Function

The system is equipped with an recommend scanning function, which can set all the scanning conditions with a single click. The optimal imaging conditions can be set easily just by selecting one combination of material and image quality.

Supporting the Safety and Security of Users

Status Monitor

In addition to displaying the instrument status, including the stage position during normal operation, the monitor provides details of any errors that occur during abnormal operation and the site where the problem occurs, so the operator is notified of the problem immediately.
The status of the system as a whole is always monitored, from warnings that the sliding door is not shut, for example, to alarms indicating overheating of the X-ray generator and communications faults.

• During Normal Operation
• During Abnormal Operation

Safety Compliant with CE Marking

The Xctal 5000 is a new X-ray CT system that creates images of X-ray phase shifts.
In addition to the X-ray absorption information detected by conventional X-ray CT systems, this system can detect X-ray scattering and refraction information. This provides observations of fine structure across a wide field of view, and high-contrast observations of samples with no absorption differences.
This is useful for research and development of fiber reinforced resins, composite materials, and biomaterials, which are advancing through research.

A Single Scan Obtains Three Types of Images: Absorption, Dark-field, and Phase Images

A new scanning method has been adopted that can detect phase shifts from X-ray interference using a diffraction grating.

Absorption Images

2D projection image (Absorption)

Absorption images visualize X-ray absorption differences, which are also detected by conventional X-ray systems.
This enables detailed observations of shapes within the sample.

Dark-field Images

2D projection image (Dark)

Both Wide Field of View and Detailed Structural Observations

Dark-field images visualize dispersion by fine structure.
Fine cracks can be detected with a field of view up to 100 mm in size. In addition, the system is equipped with a fiber orientation analysis function, enabling observations of fiber flow over a wide field of view.

Phase Images

2D projection image (Phase)

Dual Observation Method for Absorption and Phase

Phase images visualize density differences.
The system is capable of high-contrast observations of samples with no absorption differences, including resin products made of different materials.

Both Wide Field of View and Detailed Structural Observations

Detailed Structural Observations

A dark-field image is suited to observations of fine structure, including cracks and the flow of fiber bundles, over a wide field of view.
In contrast, an absorption image is suited to enlarged observations of shapes in detail within samples.
The dark-field image obtained by scanning over a wide field of view makes it possible to ascertain fine structure in the sample as a whole, and to estimate its position.
The absorption image obtained by enlarged scanning makes it possible to observe the shape of fine structure in detail.
When observing fine structure, there is no need to scan repeatedly over a narrow field of view.

Example: Cross-Sectional Images of a CFRP Cloth Material with Cracks

Observations of Fiber Orientation

• The flow of fiber bundles, derived from multiple dark-field images, can be aligned with the orientation angle and displayed in color (vector direction color maps). The flow of fiber bundles can be understood intuitively by representing it in color.

Applications (Dark-field Images)

GFRP Injection Molded Items

In injection molding, molding defects can occur when a linear mark (weld line) forms where the molten resins meet.
With this system, dark-field images can be obtained while changing the angle of the sample, so the fiber flow can be analyzed, enabling the position of weld lines to be specified.

Biocoke

Biocoke is a solid biofuel formed from plants through photosynthesis. In this example, fine cracks produced during formation can be visualized using dark-field images. Fine cracks invisible with conventional X-ray CT can be visualized by detecting the scattering of X-rays at the borderline between the material and the crack (air).

The quantitative analysis of microscopic cracks using this system has become a standard evaluation to check whether the combustion properties of biocoke are as close as possible to those of coal coke, thus laying the foundations for achieving a carbon neutral society through conversion to renewable energy.
(Samples and comments provided by: Professor Tamio Ida of the Bio-Coke Research Institute, Kindai University)

The affiliation of the providers of the samples and comments is as of July 27, 2022.

Dual Observation Method for Absorption and Phase

High-Contrast Observations by Absorption Images and Phase Images

A phase image is suited to observations of samples with large density differences.
In contrast, an absorption image is suited to observations of samples with large differences in absorption coefficient.
The X-ray absorption coefficient makes it possible to visualize samples with no contrast differences, as long as there are density differences. Using these two observation methods widens the scope of observations by enabling high-contrast sample observations.

Water and Acrylic

The density difference is larger than the absorption coefficient difference, enabling high-contrast phase image observations.
High-contrast phase image observations are possible if the density difference is approximately 0.2 g/cm³ or larger.

Water and Multiple Types of Resins

The contrast differs for the absorption image and the phase image. As shown in the graphs below, it is evident that the brightness value for the absorption image is proportional to the absorption coefficient, and the brightness value for the phase image is proportional to the density.

Applications (Phase Images)

Mouse (Neonate)

This is a sample scan of a mouse (neonate). The internal organs can be observed without a contrast medium by, just using formalin fixation.

A single scan with Xctal 5000 provides the internal feature of soft tissues such as tongue, heart, thymus, liver, stomach, as well as the clear image of hard tissues equivalent to that scanned by a conventional micro CT system.
The sample remains intact without using contrast enhancing media, enabling users to carry out further histological analyses immediately.
(Samples and comments provided by: Professor Sachiko Iseki and Shigeru Okuhara, Section of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology and Oral Histology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University)

The affiliation of the providers of the samples and comments is as of November 11, 2022.

Insects and Fish

These are sample scans of a robust cicada and twospot hogfish.

Insects have conventionally been too small for high-resolution CT scans to be performed. In these cross-sectional images, however, the flight muscle bundles running across the thorax of a female robust cicada and individual eggs packed into the abdomen are clearly visible.
(Samples and comments provided by: Dr. Shuhei Nomura, Division of Terrestrial Invertebrates, National Museum of Nature and Science)

This system is capable of observing the viscera and brains of small vertebrates, such as fishes, morphologically. As a result, it is expected to advance progress in the difficult surveys of soft parts. The new observative method does not require staining, which is important for maintaining precious biological specimens and materials.
(Samples and comments provided by: Dr. Gento Shinohara, Division of Vertebrates, National Museum of Nature and Science)

The affiliation of the providers of the samples and comments is as of July 27, 2022.

Anyone Can Easily Perform New Observations

Three-Step Scan

Standard Software

• Xctal
  Control SoftwareFunctions include system control, fluoroscopy, CT scan, and reconstitution.

• XctalViewer
  Viewer SoftwareThis software displays the X-ray 2D projection images and cross-sectional images from scans with Xctal 5000.
  In addition to displaying images, it can output vector direction color maps created from multiple dark-field images.

• MPR(Xctal)This software displays cross-sectional images obtained with the Xctal 5000. Four cross-sectional images at any angle can be displayed simultaneously.